Author: Lidia Todorova

  • Inspired Autosport Mercedes-Benz ML63 Enhanced By SR Auto

    Inspired-Autosport-Mercedes-Benz-ML63-By-SR-Auto-THUMBOne of the latest inspiring projects of the specialist at SR Auto Group is on Mercedes-Benz ML63. The SUV was a great platform to work on and has received cross country collaboration between Inspired Autosport and SR Auto.

    The exterior has been updated and it now includes a full carbon fiber styling package designed which was delivered by Revozport. To be more precise this kit includes a new carbon fiber front spoiler, carbon fiber front fender flares, carbon fiber rear fender flares and carbon fiber rear diffuser.

    In fact the black exterior of the car is perfectly complemented by the visible carbon fibre and in addition there was created an effect of a subtle contrast between the body and the kit. Furthermore, the tuners selected a set of forged PUR 2WO wheels in a 22×10.5 size for both front and rear. They are in Modern Matte Black finish which undoubtedly adds a third layer of contrast to the car.

    Source: SR Auto Group

  • Spa Debut For The Updated Toyota TS030 Hybrid

    2013-Toyota-Le-Mans-Hybrid-Challenger-THUMB2013 Toyota TS030 Hybrid – the Le Mans Hybrid Challenger is going to make its official premiere at this weekend’s Six Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, which is the second round of this year’s FIA World Endurance Championship.

    In Belgium, the team responsible for the success of the No7 machine is Alex Wurz, Nicolas Lapierre and Kazuki Nakajima. Following their podium finish at the series-opener in Silverstone, Anthony Davidson, Stéphane Sarrazin and Sébastien Biemi will return in the 2012-spec’ No8 car.

    The main changes done on the updated TS030 Hybrid are regarding its chassis and powertrain, thanks to which the car now delivers enhanced performance, reliability and serviceability. Additionally, a revised aerodynamic package has been also included. In this case we are speakin about an updated monocoque, which improves performance while mitigating the impact of new 2013 regulations of enhanced minimum weight (by 15 kg).

    The powertrain of this Toyota Racing model utilizes a unique super capacitor which automatically generates 300 hp (220 kW) of boost, on top of the 530 hp (390 kW) produced by the 3.4-litre normally aspirated V8 petrol engine. Moreover, the powertrain was finely tuned in order to bring about better power, efficiency, management of the components used and reliability.

    Source: Toyota

  • McLaren Presents Heritage And Contemporary Can-Am At Goodwood [VIDEO]

    McLaren-M8D-Can-Am-Racer-And-McLaren-12C-GT-Can-Am-Edition-THUMBAt this year’s Goodwood Festival of Speed, the legendary brand McLaren will present a selection of legendary models from the company’s heritage collection as part of their fiftieth anniversary celebrations. Some of the vehicles there will be among the most famous race- and championship-winning ones.

    This means that there will also be the latest model from McLaren 12C GT Can-Am Edition which in addition will take part in the run up the Goodwood Hill. As a matter of fact, brand’s name is synonymous with Can-Am racing throughout the 1960s and 1970s. This is because the McLaren Racing team achieved five back-to-back world championships between 1969 and 1974, thus becoming the most successful team in the history of this championship.

    12C GT Can-Am Edition is the rawest and the most track-focused model built by McLaren so far. It is equipped with a fierce 3.8-litre twin-turbo V8 powerplant, which delivers a power output of up to 630 hp (463 kW).

    In addition, the 12C GT comes with an optimised aerodynamics package, which contributes to greater levels of downforce, and a passenger seat. The track-only Can-Am Edition will be produced in limited number of 30 examples.

    Below, you can view a short high definition video that shows the M8D Can-Am racer in detail and the 12C GT Can-Am Edition on track. Enjoy!

    httpv://youtu.be/xZoZME-itbE

    Video Source: YouTube

    Source: McLaren

  • 2014 Lexus IS Sedan – US Pricing Announced

    2014-Lexus-IS-Sedan-THUMBThe prices for the 2014 Lexus IS Sedan were just announced. The model arrive at dealerships this summer and will deliver new design, engaging driving dynamics, innovative technology and increased interior and cargo room.

    First of all, Lexus IS 250 is powered by a smooth 2.5-liter V6 unit, which generates 204 horsepower (150 kW) and 250 Nm (185 lb.-ft.) of torque. On the other hand, the IS 350 produces 306 horsepower (225 kW) from its 3.5L V6 engine.

    Furthermore, the new IS line will be equipped with a wide range of standard features such as HID headlamps, L-shaped LED daytime running lights, Drive Mode Select, paddle shifters, a dual zone climate control system, a next-generation Remote Touch Interface, Display Audio, a color 4.2 inch TFT multi-information display and 10 airbags.

    Premium, Luxury and F SPORT packages will be available across the model range. The firs one – the Premium Package features LED headlamps and heated and ventilated front seats. The Luxury Package adds on the Premium Package features a perforated leather-trimmed interior, linear wood trim, electrochromic exterior mirrors with reverse tilt, rain-sensing wipers, driver seat memory, a power tilt/telescopic steering wheel, center stack knee pads and Blind Spot Monitor with Rear Cross Traffic Alert.

    The renewed F SPORT Package offers unique full-mesh grille and front bumper, LED headlamps, 18” split 5-spoke wheels, front sport seats, and sport-tuned suspension.

    The interior of the F SPORT models include a center-mounted tachometer with moving bezel adopted directly from the LFA. The IS 350 F SPORT adds standard Adaptive Variable Suspension (AVS) with a Sport S+ drive mode. For the first time, the F SPORT package is also available for IS AWD models.

    2014 Lexus IS Pricing:

    Model Drive Type Engine Transmission MSRP*
    IS 250 RWD 2.5L V6 6AT $35,950
    IS 250 AWD 2.5L V6 6AT $38,485
    IS 350 RWD 3.5L V6 8AT $39,465
    IS 350 AWD 3.5L V6 6AT $41,700

    Available Packages:

    Package IS 250 RWD IS 250 AWD IS 350 RWD IS 350 AWD
    Premium Package $1,050 $610 $1,050 $610
    Luxury Package $3,665 $3,225 $3,665 $3,225
    F SPORT Package $3,115 $2,675 $3,620 $3,180
    Optional Equipment
    Navigation System $2,085
    Navigation System with Mark Levinson $3,225
    Backup Monitor $350
    Power Rear Sunshade $210
    18” Wheel Package with All-season tires $935
    18” Wheel Package with Summer tires $935
    Variable Gear Ratio Steering (VGRS) $400
    Intuitive Park Assist $500

    Source: Lexus

  • 2014 Toyota 4Runner Unveiled

    The next-generation 2014 Toyota 4Runner mid-size SUV that has been teased exactly ten days ago, has just been unveiled to the general public. The fifth-generation redesigned 4Runner shows-off rugged new exterior design, and interior refinements that deliver enhanced comfort and convenience without sacrifices on the performance capability and excellent value.

    The rugged body-on-frame construction along with the comprehensive suspension technology delivers optimal off-road capability with a smooth ride and comfort. This Toyota model is available in three grades: a well-equipped, value-driven SR5; top-of-the-line Limited, and a Trail grade for those who want maximum off-road capability. There is also an optional third-row seats on SR5 and Limited allow for up to seven-person capacity.

    4Runner is also being offered with a choice of a rear wheel 4×2, part-time 4×4 or a full-time multi-mode 4×4 with a locking center differential. Regardless the type of wheel drive, all models are equipped with a powerful 4.0-liter V6 engine mated to a five-speed ECT-i automatic transmission. It generates 270 horsepower (200 kW).

    Some of the changes made here regarding the exterior feature a redesigned front fascia with a muscular front grille and edgier smoked headlamps. The SR5 and Trail grades include a color-keyed grille insert and front bumper that is surrounded by fog lamps set in sharply cut inlays that extend from the headlamps down to the bumper.

    On the other hand, the Trail grade is equipped with new color-keyed bumpers and overfenders, an aggressive hood scoop and silver painted front and rear bumper accents. All of the model grades come as a standard with a roof rack.

    Limited’s front design brings about more uniqueness, because it includes a chrome-plated grille insert and chrome front bumper that extends to the fog-lamp bezels. The side molding, roof rack and rear bumper are also chrome trimmed. In addition, the headlamps include now projector beam, and both the headlamps and the rear combination lamps come with LED lamps.

    Furthermore, the SR5 and Trail grades will run on 17-inch alloy wheels with a new wheel-design, while the Limited runs on 20-inch alloy wheels painted black. The exterior color choices available here are eight, namely: Super White, Attitude Black Metallic, Barcelona Red Metallic, Nautical Blue Metallic, Blizzard Pearl, Classic Silver Metallic, Magnetic Gray Metallic, and Black.

    Going forward to the interior – it complements the design cues seen in the exterior. Both the SR5 and Trail grade add standard Soft Touch door trim, and a leather-wrapped steering wheel and leather shift knob.

    SR5 trim comes with a bright and highly visible Optitron instrument panel on which can be found the speedometer, tachometer, voltage, fuel and coolant temperature gauges, plus a multi-information display that offers multiple functions.

    Another highlight is the Eco-Driving feedback system that monitors the fuel consumption in real time. A manually controlled air conditioning system is standard on SR5 and Trail grades; the Limited features an automatic dual-zone climate-control system.

    The SR5 and Trail grade include fabric-trimmed seating in Sand Beige, Graphite or Black color. What is new for this fifth-generation 4Runner is that the SR5 adds a standard eight-way power driver seat, while the Limited comes with a leather-trimmed interior with new ventilated driver and front passenger seats in Sand Beige, Black and a new Redwood color.

    More importantly, 2014 4Runner is equipped with a 4.0-liter V6 unit, which develops 270 horsepower (200 kW) and 377 Nm (278 lb.-ft.) of torque. Dual independent Variable Valve Timing with intelligence (VVT-i) optimizes torque across the engine’s operating range.

    The fuel economy is estimated around 17 mpg city and 23 mpg highway for 4×2 models, and 17 mpg city and 22 mpg highway for 4×4. Maximum towing capacity is 5,000 pounds and all vehicles include an integrated tow-hitch receiver and wiring harness as standard equipment.

    What is more, the 4Runner is constructed in such way that it balances its full off-road capability with smooth around-town handling. A double-wishbone independent front suspension and the variable-flow rack-and-pinion steering, help give the 4Runner the needed control on demanding roads.

    Coil springs over gas shocks are utilized at all four wheels in order to deliver more comfortable ride and controlled handling. The four-link rear suspension maximizes off-road axle articulation, and at the same time offers a smooth ride for rear-seat passengers on and off pavement.

    It is important to mention, that he Limited grade is equipped with an X-REAS suspension system. The latter enhances performance, comfort and control. It automatically adjusts the damping force of shocks when driving over bumpy surfaces or when cornering. The system uses a center control absorber to cross-link shocks on opposite corners of the vehicle, substantially reducing pitch and yaw by offsetting opposing inputs.

    On the other hand, the A-TRAC traction control system comes as a standard on all 4×4 models. This is the system which distributes the driving force to any one wheel in contact with the ground, making terrain.

    An electronic-locking rear differential is standard on the Trail grade. In addition, in this grade is also featured the optional Kinetic Dynamic Suspension System (KDSS). KDSS highly enhances terrain-following ability by dynamically disconnecting stabilizer bars to allow for more axle travel, and better suspension articulation in slow, difficult terrain.

    Toyota’s Crawl Control (CRAWL) feature is standard on the same grade and it helps the vehicle maintain an appropriate speed to keep it under control and minimize the load on drivetrain and suspension components. The Trail grade also includes a Multi-Terrain Select system that dials in wheel-slip control to match the terrain.

    Standard on all models is the Hill-start Assist Control (HAC). This technology provides additional control for off-road driving by helping to hold the vehicle stationary before starting on a steep incline or slippery surface. All 4Runner 4×4 models also include a standard Downhill Assist Control (DAC).

    In terms of technologies, new for 2014 on SR5 and Trail grade models is Entune™ Audio Plus. It includes Toyota’s Entune multimedia system, an AM/FM/MP3 CD player with eight speakers, integrated SiriusXM™ Satellite Radio, USB port with iPod connectivity, and Bluetooth® hands-free phone capability and music streaming.

    On the other hand, standard on the Limited grade is the new Entune Premium JBL Audio system, which includes the Entune multimedia system, a JBL® premium sound system with navigation, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, HD Radio with iTunes®tagging and 15 speakers.

    The safety of the 2014 Toyota 4Runner is ensured firstly by the standard Star Safety System™. It includes Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) with traction control (TRAC), an Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) with Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist (BA), and Smart Stop Technology (SST) brake-override system.

    On 4×2 vehicles is also featured the Auto LSD (Limited Slip Differential) system which allows better traction on slippery sections of roadway. The four-wheel ABS with EBD provides the 4Runner with optimal brake proportioning.

    The safety features list also includes eight standard airbags (front, side-mounted, knee airbags, and side-curtain airbags), active headrests for driver and passenger, three-point seat belts for all seats.

    The Limited grade includes also the Safety Connect™ telematics system that comprises of the following components: Automatic Collision Notification, Stolen Vehicle Location, Emergency Assistance Button (SOS), and Roadside Assistance.

    Source: Toyota

  • 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray – US Pricing Announced

    2014-Chevrolet-Corvette-Stingray-THUMBThe US pricing of 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray has been just announced. The Coupe variant will have a staring price at $51 995, while the Convertible – at $56 995. The Corvette Stingray aims to bring about a combination of performance, design and technology.

    The Stingray debuted at the 2013 NAIAS where it showed to the world its modern and dramatic design. This is the most powerful standard model ever created by the Chevrolet. Thanks to its 6.2L LT1 V-8 engine it generates 450 horsepower (335 kW) and 450 lb.-ft. of torque (610 Nm).

    Some of the aerodynamic enhancements include carbon fibre hood and removable roof panel; composite fenders, doors and rear quarter panels; carbon-nano composite underbody panels and a new aluminium frame. All of the mentioned components contribute to a striking acceleration time: less than 4 seconds for the sprint from 0 to 100 km/h.

    The standard features on 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray include:

    • Seating with lightweight magnesium frames for exceptional support, and eight-way power adjustment
    • Five-position Drive Mode Selector that tailors up to 12 vehicle attributes
    • New seven-speed manual transmission with Active Rev Matching
    • 6.2L LT1 V-8 engine with direct injection, Active Fuel Management, continuously variable valve timing and an advanced combustion system
    • Carbon fiber hood on all models, and a carbon fiber removable roof panel on coupes
    • Aluminum frame that is 99 pounds lighter (45 kg) and 57-percent stiffer than the previous model’s structure
    • Advanced, high-intensity discharge (HID) and light-emitting diode (LED) lighting
    • Dual, eight-inch configurable driver/infotainment screens, with next-generation Chevrolet MyLink infotainment system and rear vision camera
    • Bose nine-speaker audio system with SiriusXM Satellite radio, Bluetooth connectivity, USB and SD card and auxiliary input jack
    • Keyless access with push-button start
    • Power tilt/telescope steering wheel
    • Fully electronic top on the convertible that can be lowered remotely using the key fob

    The available options include:

    • 3LT interior package, with leather-wrapped interior
    • Z51 Performance Package
    • Competition sports seats
    • Exposed-carbon-fiber roof panel
    • Magnetic Ride Control with Performance Traction Management
    • Dual-mode exhaust system
    • Carbon fiber interior trim
    • Sueded, microfiber-wrapped upper interior trim
    • Red-painted calipers
    • Black-painted wheels

    Source: Chevrolet

  • Renault To Debut New Concept Vehicle in Moncaco

    Renault To Debut New Concept Vehicle in Moncaco

    Renault unveiled already their Twin’Z concept at the beginning of this month in Milano. However, the French brand has prepared to reveal their new concept project that was designed under the leadership of Laurens van den Acker.

    The car carries the name “TwinFun” and will have its official world premiere at the 2013 Monaco F1 Grand Prix. The debut will be followed by a series of other dynamic demonstrations at events such as July’s Goodwood Festival of Speed.

    This concept car was designed and developed entirely by Renault Design as an expression of the brand’s passion and an illustration of how different takes on the same city car are possible.

    Source: Renault

  • Ford Fiesta-Based eWheelDrive Created In Collaboration With Schaeffler

    Ford-Fiesta-Based-eWheelDrive-THUMBFord Fiesta-based eWheelDrive was created in collaboration with Schaeffler and is a drivable research vehicle that aims to bring about in the future improvements in urban mobility and parking. The vehicle is powered by independent electric motors in each of the rear wheels.

    As a matter of fact, the eWheelDrive technology offers space under the bonnet. In comparison to the conventional cars, this space is occupied by the engine and transmission and in electric cars by a central motor.

    What is more, this technology supports the vision of developing a four-person car that only occupies the space of a two-person car today. In addition, the eWheelDrive steering system designs enables the cars to move sideways into parking spaces.

    With in-wheel motors, the components required for drive, deceleration and driver assistance technologies are mounted in an integrated wheel hub drive – including the electric motor, braking and cooling systems.

    Ford partners with Schaeffler with the goal to develop two new driveable vehicles by 2015. Their collaboration aims to enhance the integration of in-wheel motors in an automobile and will look at vehicle dynamics control, braking, stability and the fun-to-drive factor.

    Source: Ford

  • Kahn Range Rover Santorini Black RS600 Cosworth

    Kahn-Range-Rover-Santorini-Black-THUMBThe tuners at A. Kahn Design have revealed their latest project which is on the iconic Range Rover. It includes a seductive mix of santorini black metallic livery and an invigorating boost in terms of power. The enhancements in the output were the courtesy of Cosworth.

    They have ensured for the Kahn Range Rover Santorini Black RS 600 Cosworth a very rapid and individual 4×4 that can achieve acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in only 4.5 seconds. The reason for this premium performance is the 5.0 supercharged HSE engine.

    To be more precise, the engine enhancements consist of an arrangement of alterations to the supercharger and ECU programming. This results in a boost in power from 500 hp (368 kW) to 545 hp (400 kW). The torque is also changed and it is estimated now around 813 Nm (600 lb-ft).

    The exterior of this vehicle is exceptional and it looks enchanting tanks to its elongated silhouette. What the designers have done is to equip it with new RS600 styling package that comprises of the following elements: RS vented front and rear wheel arches with integrated rear air dams (3 pieces), an extended front lower lip spoiler, Satin Black bonnet and roof stripe, RS front grille with 3D mesh, front wheel arch LED light strips, exterior Kahn enamel wing shields, Kahn enamel tailgate logo, Exhausts side vents (pair) and door handles in body colour.

    The interior on the other hand is a masterpiece. Of course, inside is visible the famous “bespoke touch” of the tuning brand. This particular model comes with a Vesuvius Orange Rev Counter, Interior facia trim (8 pieces), front and rear bespoke seats, floor mats, quilted centre glove box, vented foot pedals in machined aluminum, and rear tailgate centre trim in 3D Carbon finish.

    Kahn Range Rover Santorini Black RS600 Cosworth runs effortlessly on Kahn RS600 wheels which in this case are in sizes 9 x 22” and 10 x 22” for the front and the rear respectively. They fit all original centre caps.

    Source: A. Kahn Design

  • 2013 Maserati GranTurismo MC Trofeo To Compete At Paul Ricard Circuit

    2013-Maserati-GranTurismo-MC-Trofeo-THUMBThe Paul Ricard circuit at Le Castellet, in the South of France, will be the place of the opening round of the 2013 Maserati Trofeo MC World Series. There will be the first round of a series of a global championship, with races to be held in Europe, North America, Asia and the Middle East.

    At least 24 Maserati GranTurismo MC Trofeos will be present at the race and they will be driven by champions such as Renaud Kuppens, Alan Simoni-Riccardo Ragazzi pairing, Jonathan Sicart and Ange Barde.

    Furthermore, there will be a new race format that will raise the standards and make each round more exciting. For instance, there will be two 30-minute events and a 50 minutes one. Nevertheless, the real change will be the introduction of added time for the quickest drivers.

    To be more precise, this means that the top five drivers in the weekend’s first two races are going to compete from 5 to 20 seconds longer, on top of their compulsory 45 seconds, during the endurance race.

    The grand prize of the Championship is an exclusive, numbered and name-plated “Maserati 8CTF single speed” bicycle, that has been produced by Montante Cicli in a limited run of 200. It celebrates Wilbur Shaw’s 1939 and 1940 wins in the Indianapolis 500 at the wheel of the Maserati 8CTF.

    2013 Maserati GranTurismo MC Trofeo Specifications:

    Bodywork

    • Carbon fibre
    • Windows
    • Windscreen, rear and side windows in Lexan

    Chassis

    • Steel with welded integral rollcage structure, FIA approved

    Interior

    • Backward-set driving position, with racing seat, dashboard and console in carbon fibre throughout
    • 6-points seat-belt compatible with HANS protection system

    Electrical system

    • Specific, with data acquisition system integrated in the dashboard

    Fuel tank

    • 110 l with a carbon safety frame homologated by the FIA

    Brakes

    • Racing system without ABS, with steel discs
    • Front disc: 380 mm, rear disc: 326 mm
    • Front callipers: 6 pistons. Rear callipers: 4 pistons

    Wheels

    • Front: 11”x18”
    • Rear: 13”x18”

    Tyres

    • Front: 305/660/18
    • Rear: 325/705/18

    Shock absorbers

    • Racing type, fixed setting with preload adjustment

    Dimensions And Weight

    • Width: 1914 mm
    • Length: 4935 mm
    • Height: 1300 mm
    • Front overhang: 930 mm
    • Rear overhang: 1064 mm
    • Wheelbase: 2940 mm
    • Front track: 1618 mm
    • Rear Track: 1580 mm
    • Weight: 1400 Kg
    • Weight distribution: 51.3% front / 48.7% rear

    Engine:

    • V8
    • Displacement: 4,691 cc
    • Power: 488 CV
    • Ignition: Bosch – digital system

    Gearbox

    • Rear, longitudinal gearbox, with transaxle scheme
    • 6 gears + reverse, syncromesh
    • Electrohydraulic activation, with F1-type controls

    Source: Maserati

  • 2014 Cadillac CTS Reveals New Design Approaches

    2014-Cadillac-CTS-THUMBWhen one looks more deeply at the 2014 Cadillac CTS he or she reveals that some new design approaches have been applied on it. We are speaking here about the new form and function of the headlamps.

    The new luxury sport sedan combines light-emitting diode and high intensity discharge lights in order to create a sleeker new “face” for this Cadillac model. In particular, the CTS sedan includes 16 indirect fire LED lights on each headlamp with eight LEDs beginning on the fender of the car and an additional eight LEDs continuing down the front bumper. The eight LED lights on the front bumper also double as a turn indicator.

    As a matter of fact, all of these LEDs when combined together operate as a single day-time running lights. The main headlights or the projectors are composed of a single HID element that serves as both low and high beams. In addition, the Active Forward Lighting delivers more clear vision through corners by turning with steering direction.

    2014 Cadillac CTS was recently introduced at this year’s New York International Auto Show. The model delivers expanded performance, elevated luxury and sophisticated technology. This is the third-generation CTS. It combines engineering and design solutions from the architecture of the ATS sport sedan and will be the lightest car its class.

    Source: Cadillac

  • LUMMA Design Range Rover Sport CLR RS Delivers More On-Road Aggressiveness

    LUMMA-Design-Range-Rover-Sport-THUMBLUMMA Design Range Rover Sport CLR RS now has enhanced aggressive stance thanks to the modifications done on it by the designing team. LUMMA‘s latest creation includes redesigned wide-body kit, which was already introduced via the LUMMA CLR components.

    The exclusive LUMMA CLR RS offers impressive looks combined with sportiness ad elegance. For instance, the striking front spoiler bumper further accentuates the character of this Range Rover model.

    In addition, the double daytime running lights serve as design elements that enhance the sporty look of the vehicle. In the widened fenders on the other hand there are additional air intakes. What is more, the sports front grille is available in visible carbon or painted. The door panels harmonize with the beefy extensions.

    When looked at the rear, this model highlights the silhouette of the brand new Range Rover Sport thanks to the massive rear apron bumper including a rear diffuser. Moreover, the LUMMA sport exhaust system delivers a robust sound, while the aerodynamic components like the roof spoiler and rear spoiler lip add to the visual attributes of the automobile.

    LUMMA Design Range Rover Sport CLR RS runs on 22 and 23 inches wheels. The complete wheel set with the dimensions 12×22 goes along with 305/35-22 tires, while the wheel set in the dimensions 11×23 is coupled with 305/30-23 tires. At last, the hood is made of full carbon fiber and includes integrated vents.

    Source: LUMMA Design